Tracheobronchial amyloidosis: A case report and review of the literature.

OBJECTIVES This is a case report on tracheobronchial amyloidosis. This disease may provide a diagnostic challenge for otolaryngologists due to its rarity and relative lack of literature. Our case highlights presentation and workup of this disease. METHODS The index patient's workup included clinical exam, CT of the neck and chest, direct laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy and biopsy. Additional reports of tracheobronchial amyloidosis were identified in a PubMed database search. RESULTS Our index patient presented with dyspnea and hoarseness. Clinic laryngoscopy showed a tracheal mass. Radiology demonstrated an irregular tracheal soft tissue lesion. The patient underwent biopsy, and pathology was consistent with amyloidosis. He had no systemic signs of amyloidosis. He underwent local resection to improve his airway diameter, with no complications. CONCLUSIONS Tracheobronchial amyloidosis should be kept in an otolaryngologist's differential diagnosis for patients with nonspecific upper airway symptomatology and radiographic lesions in the trachea or bronchi.